I have some time, so I’ll flesh out my first response a bit more.
Magazines, catalogs, books, and other multi-page documents almost always involve teams: writers, photographers, copy editors, and designers. Tight deadlines are the norm, so efficiency is critical. Rather than a single layout application, an integrated publishing system is useful, and often required, to facilitate a smooth workflow and handle exports for print, web, social media, and who knows what else.
I’ll skip the history, but today, these team-based publications and periodicals systems have converged on a combination of MS Word (writing), Photoshop (photos), Illustrator (vector graphics), InDesign (page layout), InCopy (allows copy editors to edit copy already in InDesign), and Acrobat (many miscellaneous functions, including output to a common export format).
In addition, various SaaS applications cater to the specialized needs of each publication — for example, digital asset management, paywalls, analytics, subscription management, automated catalog layout, email marketing, and hybrid services that extract tagged InDesign content for automated export to website CMS databases.
Of course, the exact needs are unique to each publication, but the main building blocks are contained in Adobe’s Creative Cloud. Very large publishers, such as the New York Times or the Chicago Tribune, typically use a proprietary enterprise CMS built specifically for their needs.
Except for the big, horrendously expensive custom-built enterprise systems, the publishing industry almost exclusively uses Adobe software with various SaaS add-ons.
For an independent designer handling a one-off catalog or brochure remotely, it’s simpler, since the team is likely loosely structured and doesn’t require as much software integration. But even in this situation, either Adobe or Affinity software is realistically the only choice. This is because, at a minimum, layout, photo-editing, and vector graphics applications are needed.
Quark XPress, VivaDesigner, CorelDraw, and others are very good at what they do, but they’re largely one-off applications that don’t meet all the needs of professional publishing environments.